Governing mechanism for turbines.



W. KIESER.

GOVERNING MEGHANISM FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.18,1912.

1,063,547. Patented June3,1913.

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COLUMBIA PLANODRAPH c0., WASHINGTON, 1). c1

W. KIESER.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR T URBINBS.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.18,1912.

2 SKEETS-SHEET 2.

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Inventor; 'Walter- Neser:

COLUMBIA PLANoanAPH co., \vAsmNn'roN, D. c,

Witnesses:

UNITED STATES ,IZALTENT OFFICE.

WALTER KIESER, OF OHARLOTTENIBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELECTRICCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNING MECHANISM FOR TURBINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3,1913.

Application filed January 18, 1912. Serial No. 671,929.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER KIEsnR, a

citizen of Switzerland, residing at Charlotfor its object to improve theconstruction. and operation of governlng mechamsms that 1 are sensitivenot only to speed variations but to changes in pressure of the motivefluid as well. In many installations especially of low pressure turbinesthe steam supply fluctuates in pressure more or less rapidly. The loadon such turbines may also fluctuate but it is less liable to change sooften or in the same degree. Also it frequently happens, that at theinstant the supply of steam decreases the load increases and vice versa.Therefore in order to minimize the efiects of these variations I soorganize and arrange the parts of my improved mechanism that while thespeed governor of the turbine primarily controls the admission valve,its action is subject to or is modified by a means responsive topressure changes in the fluid admitted to the turbine.

In the accompanying drawings which are illustrative of my invention,Figure 1 is a view of a part of a turbine with its governing mechanismin section; Fig. 2 is a side view of a turbine, and Fig. 3 is a view ofa slight modification.

1 indicates a conduit conveying steam, usually at low pressure, to theconduit 2, the latter leading to and forming a part of the supplychamber of the turbine. In the case of a Curtis type of machine, asshown, the steam will be supplied to the first stage nozzles. Betweenthe conduits is'a balanced valve 3 of the throttling type that ismounted on the rod 4: which is attached at its upper end to the piston5. The piston is located in a cylinder 6 to which fluid under pressure,such as oil, is admitted by pipes 7 and 8 under the control of the pilotvalve 9. Underneath the piston is a coiled compression spring 10 thatlargely or' wholly balances the weight of the moving valve.

11 indicates a centrifugal speed governor driven by a secondary shaft 13of the turbine and which may be of any suitable type. To its sliding ormoving collar 12 is attached a forked lever 14, said lever being alsoattached to the pilot valve 9 and the valve rod 4. As the weights 15 ofthe governor move in and out with changes in speed of the turbine, thepilot valve 9 is caused to admit fluid above or below the piston 5, asthe case may be, and cause it to lower or raise the main valve 3.

Thus far the operation does not differ in principle from that of manywell known governing mechanisms. I will now proceed to describe thefeatures that are original with me.

Situated above the speed governor proper is a coiled extension spring16, its lower end being attached to a movable abutment or socket forminga part of or moving with the collar 12 while its upper end is attachedto a head or socket afiiXed to the lower end of the piston rod 17. Onthe rod is a piston 18 that makes a loose fit with the bore of thecylinder 19. The cylinder space below the piston is connected by thepipe 20 to the conduit 2 or to some part of the turbine in directcommunication therewith. The cylinder space above the piston isconnected by the pipe 21 to the exhaust conduit 22 or other low pressurepart of the turbine where the pressure is substantially constant. Asshown it is connected to the exhaust conduit leading to the condenser23. In the pipe is an automatic equalizing valve 24: which has anadjustable regulating spring so that its action can be controlled. Itwill be seen first that the piston 18 is loose within the cylinder, andsecond, that it is exposed above and below to fluid pressure, that ofthe condenser being fairly constant while the other pressure varies asthe pressure of the source of supply varies and as the position of thethrottle valve 3 changes.

The operation of my improved mechanism is as follows: Since the piston18 loosely fits its cylinder the normal pressure above and below it willbe the same and the spring 16 is therefore loaded by the weight of therod 17 and piston 18. If now the pressure at the outlet of the valve 3rises then the piston 18 with its rod 17 and one end of the spring 16will move upward. The sleeve or collar 12 of the governor is thereforemoved by aforce corresponding to'the tension on the spring 16. Theweights 15 thus aided raise the collar and with it the pilot valve 9.This permits fluid to flow from the admission port 25 of the balancedpilot valve through the pipe 7 and force the motor piston 5 downward,thereby closing the main valve to a greater or less extent. As the pilotvalve moves upward, its lower head uncovers the exhaust port so thatfluid can flow from the under side of the motor piston 5. This action ormove ment continues until the pressures on oppo site sides of theregulator piston 18 are again justing the pressure equalizing valve 24;the counter-pressure on the upper side of the piston 18 can be regulatedat w1ll.

thereof can be made in a variety of ways vention.

It may under some circumstances be of advantage to shift the piston 18that causes 3 the straining and relaxing of the spring 16 through theaid of an auxiliary motor shown in Fig. 3. In this case the piston 18would fit relatively tightly in its cylinder, 2 and there would beprovided a regulating; piston 26 connected with the pilot valve of theauxiliary motor 19 and dependent for its position upon the pressureprevailing in ad- 1 v'ance of the nozzle of a stage, After the:

equalization of the pressure difference acting on opposite sides of thisregulating piston 26, it is returned to its middle position in thecylinder 27 by a spring 28.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is,

1. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the supply ofmotive fluid thereto, a motor for operating the valve, a controllingdevice for the motor, a governor for actuating the device to regulatethe positi'on of the valve with respect to its seat in response tochanges in speed of the turbine,

connection between said means and ernor including a spring.

the govf 2. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating thesupplyof motive fluid thereto, a fluid actuated motor for the valve, :1pilot valve for the motor, a governor for controlling the pilot valve toregulate the position of the first valve in response to changes in speedof the turbine, means sensitive to the pressure of the fluid driving theturbine for changing the position of the pilot valve to cause variationsin the regulating valve opening independently of speed changes, and aconnection between said means and the governor including a spring.

3. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the supply ofmotive fluid thereto, a speed governor for controlling the *alve thatrotates about a given axis, a spring which acts on the governor and isarranged in axial alinement therewith, and a pressure sensitive meansthat is connected to the spring and changes its force.

It will be readily appreciated that the means for applying the effectivepressure of i regulating the supply of motive fluid thereto, the piston18 to the speed governor or part f 4. In combination, a turbine, a valvefor a speed governor for controlling the valve,

and a device comprising a cylinder and a. without depart-mg from thesp1r1t of my inloosely fitting piston that is sensitive to pressurechanges, said piston as it changes its position acting on the speedgovernor and causing it to change the position of the valve irrespectiveof speed changes.

5. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speedgovernor that controls the valve, a pressure responsive device formodifying the action of the governor on the valve, a conduit admittingfluid from one side of the valve to the device, and a second conduitconnecting the other side of the device to the turbine exhaust, therebeing a passage connecting the opposite sides of the device to normallyequalize the pressures thereon.

'6. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speedgovernor that controls the valve, a device comprising a piston and itscylinder, the two being loosely fitted, means for subjecting the pistonon one side to a variable pressure and 011 the other to substantiallyconstant pressure, and a spring connection between the device and thegovernor for transmitting movements of the former to the latter.

7. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speedgovernor that controls the valve, a pressure responsive device formodifying the action of the governor on the valve, a conduit admittingfluid from one side of the valve to the device, a second conduitadmitting fluid at the pressure of the exhaust to the other side, and aregulating valve located in the second conduit.

8. In combination, a turbine, a regulating valve therefor, a speedgovernor having centrifugally acting weights that normally have fullcontrol of the valve, a fluid actuated motor for moving the valve, apilot valve for the motor, lever means connecting the governor, amovable member of the motor and the pilot valve, a device sensitive tothe pressure of the fluid entering the turbine for causing the governorweights and the pilot valve to change their position without change ofspeed, and a connection between the device and the lever means includinga spring.

9. In combination, a turbine, aregulating valve therefor, a motor foractuating it, a controlling device for the motor, a speed governor foractuating the controlling device that is provided with centrifugallyacting weights, means sensitive to the pressure of the motive fluid formoving said controlling device and the governor Weights without changeof speed to actuate the motor, and means including a spring fortransmitting the action of the pressure sensitive means to the governor.

10. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the admission ofmotive fluid to the turbine, a motor for moving the valve, a regulatorfor the motor, a speed governor for controlling the regulator, a devicefor also controlling the regulator, a motor for actuating the device, aregulator for the second motor, and means responsive to the pressure ofthe motive fluid for controlling the last mentioned regulator.

11. In combination, a turbine, a valve for regulating the admission ofmotive fluid to the turbine, a speed governor for controlling the valve,a helical spring connected to the governor and arranged in axialalinement therewith, a piston that is movable in response to variationsof the pressure of the motive fluid, a rod for the piston that isarranged above and in alinement with the spring, and a connectionbetween the lower end of the rod and the spring.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

VALTER KIESER.

Witnesses ERNST Hornv, BERN HARD KUHNow.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of latentl, Washington, D. O.

